مروری بر هیدروژل‌‌های درجا ژل‌شونده بر پایه پلیمرهای زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر در دارورسانی مؤثر چشمی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 تبریز، دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی و نفت، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 16471-51666

2 تبریز، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، مرکز تحقیقات ریزفناوری دارویی، کد پستی 65811-51656

چکیده

در زمینه چشم پزشکی، با وجود دسترسی به داروهای مختلف در درمان بیماری‏‌های چشمی، با توجه به فیزیولوژی و کالبدشناسی این اندام، هنوز راهبرد دارورسانی مناسبی به‌دست نیامده است. سامانه‌های جدید دارورسانی چشمی برای دستیابی به سطح درمانی بلند‌مدت طراحی شده‌اند. هیدروژل‏‌ها به‌دلیل داشتن خواص منحصربه‌فرد به‌طور گسترده در سامانه‌های دارورسانی استفاده شده‌اند. در مقایسه با روش‌های جراحی، استفاده از هیدروژل‌های درجا با تزریق در محل، خطر عوارض مرتبط با روش‌های جراحی تهاجمی را کاهش می‌دهد و آن را به گزینه ایمن‌تری برای تحویل دارو تبدیل می‌کند. هیدروژل‏های درجا ژل‌شونده یکی از دسته‏‌های مهم مواد پلیمری استفاده‌شده برای سامانه‌‏های دارورسانی چشمی هستند. هیدروژل‌های درجا ژل‌‌شونده این قابلیت را دارند که در بافت‌های چشمی تحت انتقال فاز قرار گرفته و از حالت مایع به ژل گران‌روکشسان تبدیل شوند و بنابراین می‌‏توانند ماندگاری داروها را طولانی‌تر کرده و زیست‌دسترس‌پذیری آن‌ها را در بافت چشمی بهبود بخشند. پلیمرها مواد اصلی تهیه هیدروژل‏‌های درجا ژل‌شونده هستند. پلیمرهای طبیعی به‌دلیل زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری و زیست‌سازگاری به‌طور گسترده در دارورسانی چشمی مطالعه و بررسی شده‌اند. پلیمرهای طبیعی رایج برای تهیه هیدروژل‌ها شامل کیتوسان، نشاسته، آلژینات، فیبرین، کلاژن، ژلاتین، هیالورونیک اسید و دکستران هستند. هدف این مقاله بررسی و بحث درباره توسعه اخیر هیدروژل‏های درجا ژل‌شونده براساس پلیمرهای طبیعی به‌عنوان سامانه‌‏های دارورسانی چشمی پیشرفته است. همچنین برای دستیابی به درک عمیق‌تر از قابلیت هیدروژل‌های درجا ژل‌‌شونده به‌عنوان گزینه جدید درمان چشمی، زیست‌سازگاری و زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری آن‌ها در سامانه‌های دارورسانی چشمی بحث شدند. با درنظرگرفتن برتری‌های ویژه‏ نانوفناوری در سامانه‌های دارورسانی، ترکیب هیدروژل‌های چشمی با نانوفناوری و نیز هیدروژل‌های تجاری موجود به‌اختصار بحث شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

In situ gelling hydrogels based on biodegradable polymers for effective ocular drug delivery: A review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golnaz Shajari 1
  • Marziyeh Fathi 2
  • Hamid Erfan-Niya 1
1 Tabriz University
2 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
چکیده [English]

In the field of ophthalmology, despite the existence of various drugs for the treatment of ocular diseases, an appropriate drug delivery strategy has not been achieved yet due to the special physiology and anatomy of this organ. New ocular drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been designed to achieve long-term therapeutic levels. Hydrogels have been widely used in drug delivery systems due to their unique properties. In situ gelling hydrogels are one of the important materials used for ocular DDSs. The use of in situ hydrogels through site injection reduces the risk of complications associated with invasive surgical procedures, making it a safer option for ocular drug delivery. Also, in-situ gelling hydrogels have the ability to undergo phase transition in ocular tissues and change from liquid to viscoelastic gel state, and thus can prolong the shelf life of drugs and improve their bioavailability in ocular tissue. Polymers are the main raw materials for the preparation of in situ gelling hydrogels. Natural polymers have been widely studied and investigated in ocular DDS due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Polymers are the main raw materials for preparing in situ gelling hydrogels. Common natural polymers for hydrogel preparation include chitosan, starch, alginate, fibrin, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid and dextran. This paper aims to review and discuss the recent development of in situ gelling hydrogels based on natural polymers as advanced ocular DDSs. This review also summarizes various in situ gelling ocular hydrogels responsive to different stimuli such as temperature, pH, and ion. Also to achieve a deeper understanding of in situ gelling hydrogels’ potential as new ocular treatment option, their biocompatibility and biodegradability will be discussed in ocular DDSs. Considering the special advantages of nanotechnology in DDSs, the combination of ophthalmic hydrogels with nanotechnology as well as available commercial hydrogels will be briefly discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • In situ gelling hydrogel
  • Ocular drug delivery
  • Natural polymers
  • Biodegradable
  • Gelation process

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 36، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 188
بهمن و اسفند 1402
صفحه 575-604

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