Compatibility, Morphology, Mechanical Properties and Biodegradability of Poly(styrene-ethylene-propylenestyrene)/ Modified Thermoplastic Starch Blends

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plastics, Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box: 14975-112, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry, Tehran North Unit, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 19585-936, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The effect of modified starch on the properties of poly(styrene-ethylenepropylene- styrene) tri-block copolymer was studied. Chemical treatment of starch with maleic anhydride was accomplished in an internal mixer in the presence of glycerol. The reaction was confirmed using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and titration. The blend samples containing 10, 20, 30 and 50 wt% were obtained by melt blending and their mechanical, morphological and dynamic-mechanical properties were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images displayed droplet-matrix morphology and with increases in modified starch up to 50 wt% some partial co-continuous morphology was also observed. With increase of modified starch in the compound, the size of dispersed phase increased. DMTA results revealed that the partial compatibility was obtained because of slight difference between glass transition temperatures of two phases in the presence of modified starch. The peak of modified starch shifted to higher values and the differences between the two peaks decreased, indicating partial compatibility. Mechanical properties including tensile, elongation-at-break and modulus were also determined and the results showed that the mechanical properties of the sample were higher than those of neat TPS because of the higher compatibility. Tensile strength was decreased with increase in modified starch content due to the absence of strong interfacial adhesion. Moduli of the samples were increased with increase in modified starch content due to higher stiffness of starch. Biodegradability of the samples was evaluated by weight loss percentage using compost test. A rapid degradation was observed in the first 45 days and with increase of the modified starch content the degree of degradation was increased.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Volume 29, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
September and October 2016
Pages 311-321

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