A Poly(vinyl acetate)/Colloidal SiO2 Nanocomposite Synthesized by Emulsion Polymerization and Study of Its Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box: 11365-9465, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, International Campus-Kish, Postal Code: 794117-76655, Kish Island, Iran

Abstract

Effect of colloidal nanosilica (SiO2) on the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of poly(vinyl acetate) synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization method was investigated. For this purpose, a poly(vinyl acetate) latex containing 1.5 wt% colloidal silica nanoparticles was produced and the results were compared with of a blank sample. The effect of nanoparticles on the shear strength of a blank and modified poly(vinyl acetate) was characterized by tensile test. The effect of nanoparticles on glass transition temperature (Tg), thermal stability and char yield of pristine poly(vinyl acetate) and its nanocomposite was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The rheological behavior of the products was studied by rheometric mechanical spectrometry (RMS). Eventually, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) coupled with elemental mapping of X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to study the morphology and elemental analysis of the nanocomposite. The results showed that the shear strength was improved by 11% with increasing 1.5 wt% colloidal silica nanoparticles into poly(vinyl acetate). Besides, with the addition of silica nanoparticles, Tg increased approximately 1°C due to creating more free volume between the polymer chains. The TGA results showed that the nanocomposite char yield increased by 3.8% at 800°C in comparison with the blank polymer char yield, suggesting a thermal stability improvement in the presence of colloidal silica nanoparticles as a result of molecular interactions. The results of RMS revealed the shear thinning behavior of the latexes. The FE-SEM-EDX results showed a uniform dispersion of nanoparticles throughout the poly(vinyl acetate) matrix.

Keywords

References

  1. Preading A. and Conditioning P.C., Adhesive Bonding of Wood Materials, 1999.
  2. Khalid H., Hussain T., Khan S.N., Shah T.A., and Fayyaz Z., Production of Polyvinyl Acetate, Technology, 1, 2, 2014.
  3. Erbil Y.H., Vinyl Acetate Emulsion Polymerization and Copolymerization with Acrylic Monomers, CRC, USA, 6-13, 2000.
  4. Mittal K.L., Adhesion Aspects of Polymeric Coatings, Springer Science and Business Media, USA, 569-582, 2012.
  5. Bogoslovov R.B., Roland C.M., Ellis A.R., Randall A.M., and Robertson C.G., Effect of Silica Nanoparticles on the Local Segmental Dynamics in Poly(vinyl acetate), Macromolecules, 41, 1289-1296, 2008.
  6. Khan U., May P., Porwal H., Nawaz K., and Coleman J.N., Improved Adhesive Strength and Toughness of Polyvinyl Acetate Glue on Addition of Small Quantities of Graphene, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 5, 1423-1428, 2013.
  7. Liu P., Gong K., Xiao P., and Xiao M., Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate)-Intercalated Graphite Oxide Nanocomposite, J. Mater. Chem., 10, 933-935, 2000.
  8. Qiao Z., Xie Y., Chen M., Xu J., Zhu Y., and Qian Y., Synthesis of Lead Sulfide/Polyvinyl AcetateNanocomposites with Controllable Morphology, Chem. Phys. Lett., 321, 504-507, 2000.
  9. Kaboorani A. and Riedl B., Effects of Adding Nanoclay on Performance of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) as a Wood Adhesive, Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 42, , 1031-1039, 2011.
  10. Ziaei F., Salehi H., and Hasannia M., Synthesis of Vinyl Chloride-vinyl Acetate Copolymer Through Batch Emulsion Polymerization, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 16, 2-8, 2003.
  11. Farrokhi M., Abdollahi M., and Barari M., Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(vinyl acetate)-b-Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Diblock I Copolymer by Iodine Transfer Radical Polymerization, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 28, 455-463, 2016.
  12. Farrokhi M. and Abdollahi M., Synthesis and Characterization of Vinyl Acetate and Dibutyl Maleate Copolymers by Reverse Iodine Transfer Radical Polymerization, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 64, 1808-1819, 2015.
  13. Wen N., Tang Q., Chen M., and Wu L., Synthesis of PVAc/SiO2 Latices Stabilized by Silica Nanoparticles, 320, 152-158, 2008.
  14. Wang Z., Gu Z., Hong Y., Cheng L., and Li Z., Bonding Strength and Water Resistance of Starch-Based Wood Adhesive Improved by Silica Nanoparticles, Carbohydr. Polym., 86, 72-76, 2011.
  15. Haddadi S.A., Mahdavian-Ahadi M., and Abbasi F., Effect of Nanosilica and Boron Carbide on Adhesion Strength of High Temperature Adhesive based on Phenolic Resin for Graphite Bonding, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53, 11747-11754, 2014.
  16. Kropka J.M., Garcia Sakai V., and Green P.F., Local Polymer Dynamics in Polymer− C60 Mixtures, Nano Lett., 8, 1061-1065, 2008.
  17. Lin Y., Liu L., Xu G., Zhang D., Guan A., and Wu G., Interfacial Interactions and Segmental Dynamics of Poly(vinyl acetate)/Silica Nanocomposites, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 12956-12966, 2015.
  18. Chen L., Zheng K., Tian X., Hu K., Wang R., Liu C., Li Y., and Cui P., Double Glass Transitions and Interfacial Immobilized Layer in In-Situ-Synthesized Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Silica Nanocomposites, Macromolecules, 43, 1076-1082, 2009.
  19. Holland B.J. and Hay J.N., The Thermal Degradation of Poly(vinyl acetate) Measured by Thermal Analysis–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Polymer, 43, 2207-2211, 2002.
  20. Troitskii B.B., Razuvaev G.A., Khokhlova L.V., and Bortnikov G.N., On the Mechanism of the Thermal Degradation of Polyvinyl Acetate, J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Symposia, 42, 1363-1375, 1973.
  21. Costa L., Avataneo M., Bracco P., and Brunella V., Char Formation in Polyvinyl Polymers I. Polyvinyl Acetate, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 77, 503-510, 2002.
  22. Understanding Rheology of Structured Fluids, The Paper was Revised by Franck A., TA Instruments, 1–11, 2004.
  23. Kovacevic V., Lucic S., Hace D., and Glasnovic A., Rheology and Morphology of Poly(vinyl acetate)+Calcite Films, Polym. Eng. Sci., 36, 134-1139, 1996.
  24. Zou H., Wu S., and Shen J., Polymer/Silica Nanocomposites: Preparation, Characterization, Properties, and Applications, Chem. Rev., 108, 3893-3957, 2008.
  25. Mortazavian H., Fennell C.J., and Blum F.D., Surface Bonding Is Stronger for Poly(methyl methacrylate) than for Poly(vinyl acetate), Macromolecules, 49, 4211-4219, 2016.

 

Iranian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Volume 30, Issue 2 - Serial Number 148
May and June 2017
Pages 151-161

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics