Fabrication of Antibacterial Mixed matrix Membranes Using zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO Nanocomposite

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box: 484, Babol, Iran

Abstract

Hypothesis: Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes play a vital role in chemical processes through the separation of high molecular weight compounds, but suffer from a fouling phenomenon in which materials precipitate or adhere on the membrane surface; since the UF membrane feed is susceptible to the growth of microorganisms, biofouling can occur more often, which reduces the membrane performance. Some methods have been suggested to overcome the biofouling phenomenon which one of the best methods is the application of nanoparticles in the membrane.
Methods: ZnO and CuO nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO nanocomposite at three different concentrations (1, 3 and 5% by weights) were used to improve the antibacterial properties of PVC membrane. First, nanoparticles were synthesized through co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD and FTIR analyses. Then, the mixed matrix membranes were prepared and their properties were investigated in terms of permeation flux, porosity and contact angle. 
Findings: To study the antibacterial properties of the fabricated membranes, the disk diffusion method using Escherichia coli as gram-negative model was applied. The membrane containing 5% (by weight) ZnO with clear zone diameter equal to 9 mm and the membranes containing 3% (by weight) ZnO and 5% (by weight) CuO with clear zone diameter equal to 8.1 mm showed the best antibacterial activities. The results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles can improve the characteristics of the PVC membranes such as hydrophilicity (reducing contact angle from 86.28° to 67.55°) and impart antibacterial activities in the membranes. This method can be utilized to reduce the biofouling of membranes in the separation processes.

Keywords

References

  1. Karegari A., Hamrahi Z., and Movaseghpoor A., Fouling of the Membrane and Methods of Cleaning It, The First International Conference on Oil, Gas, Petrochemical and Power Plant, Tehran, Iran, June 20,
  2. Khosroshahi S., Miroliaee A., and Jafarzade Y., Fabrication and Evaluation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Membranes Containing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanoparticles (MWCNT) for Use in Water and Wastewater Treatment, 4th National Conference on Separation Science and Engineering, Babol, Iran, June 3-4,
  3. Ding Y., Ma B., Liu H., and Qu J., Effects of Protein Properties on Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling Performance in Water Treatment, Environ. Sci., 77, 273-281, 2019.
  4. Baker R.W., Membrane Technology and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd Membrane Technology and Research, Newark, California 2012.
  5. Abasi A., Nanotechnology in Water Purification, By Order of the Special Staff for Nanotechnology Development, Mehrovision Technology Development Company, Tehran, Iran, 2012.
  6. Li , Liu X., Lu J., Wang Y., Li G., and Zhao F., Anti-Bacterial Properties of Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified by Graphene Oxide with Nano-silver Particles, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 484, 107-115, 2016.
  7. Sirelkhatim A., Mahmud S., Seeni A., Mohamad Kaus N.H., Ann L.C., Mohd Bakhori S.K., Hasan H., and Mohamad D., Review on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Mechanism, Nano-Micro Lett., 7, 219-242,
  8. Widiarti N., Sae J.K., and Wahyuni S., Synthesis CuO-ZnO Nanocomposite and Its Application as an Antibacterial Agent, Sci. Eng., 172, 012036, 2017.
  9. Sadrnia , Geldakooa R., and Arjmandzadegan M., Investigation of Antimicrobial Effect of New Quaternary Ammonium Compounds on Bacteria and Fungi, Iran. South Med. J., 17, 716-722, 2014.
  10. Pirayi and Khodaee M., Identification and Selection of Materials, Antibacterial Materials, Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, July 2017.
  11. Jabamalairaj A., Dorairaj , Yadav S.A., and Bathrachalam C., Detection of Functional Group and Antimicrobial Activity of Leafextracts of Citrus Grandis (l.) Against Selected Clinical Pathogens, Indo Am. J. Pharm. Res., 5, 1442-1448, 2015.
  12. Mirei S., Sadri M., and Salimi A., Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Polymer Nanofibers with Added Henna Extract, Nova Biologica Reperta, 3, 210-217, 2016.
  13. Koulivand , Shahbazi A., and Vatanpour V., Fabrication and Characterization of a High-Flux and Antifouling Polyethersulfone Membrane for Dye Removal by Embedding Fe3O4-MDA Nanoparticles, Chem. Eng. Res. Des..,145, 64-75, 2019.
  14. Shahzeidi Z., Investigation of Antibacterial Properties of Metal Nanoparticles, Jami Institute of Higher Education, The Second Conference on Nanotechnology, From Theory to Application, Isfahan, Iran, March 2014.
  15. Yaghoobi and Rezaee A., Comparison of Antibacterial Properties of PVDF Nanocomposite Membranes in the Presence of NanoAgO/nanoZnO/nanoTiO2,The First National Conference on Nanotechnology, Iran, 2016.
  16. Javdaneh S., Mehrnia M.R., and Homayoonfal M., Fabrication of Polysulfone/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Membrane: Investigation of Pore Forming Agent on Fouling Behavior, J. Chem. Eng., 33, 3184-3193, 2016.
  17. Liu Y., Wen J., Gao Y., Li T., Wang H., Yan H., Niu B., and Guo R., Antibacterial Graphene Oxide Coatings on Polymer Substrate, Surf. Sci., 436, 624-630, 2018.
  18. Zarrinkhameh , Zendehnam A., and Hosseini S.M., Electrochemical, Morphological and Antibacterial Characterization of PVC Based Cation Exchange Membrane Modified by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, J. Polym. Res., 20, 20- 28, 2013.
  19. Maskooki A., Mortazavi S.A., and Maskooki A., Removal of Clogging of Polymer Membranes Using Ultrasound During Microfiltration Process in Different Modules, 18th Congress of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran, October 2008.
  20. Tolaymat T.M., El Badawy A.M., Genaidy A., Scheckel K.G., Luxton T.P., and Suidan M., An Evidence-Based Environmental Perspective of Manufactured Silver Nanoparticle in Syntheses and Applications: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Peer-Reviewed Scientific Papers, Total Environ.,408, 999-1006, 2010.
  21. Baker-Austin C., Wright M.S., Stepanauskas R., and McArthur V., Co-selection of Antibiotic and Metal Resistance, Trends Microbiol.,14, 176-182, 2006.
  22. Aruojaa V., Dubourguiera H.C, Kasemetsa K., and Kahru A., Toxicity of Nanoparticles of CuO, ZnO and TiO2 to Microalgae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Total Environ., 407, 1461-1468, 2009.
  23. Moslemi A. and Bakeri Gh., Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Efficiency in Surface Modification of Polyvinyl Chloride Ultrafiltration Membrane, 4th National Conference on Separation Science and Engineering, Babol, Iran, June 3-4, 2017.
  24. Zhao G. and Edward Stevens S., Multiple Parameters for the Comprehensive Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Escherichia coli to the Silver Ion, BioMetals, 11, 27-32,
  25. Bakeri Gh. and Fallahnejad Z., Porous Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membrane in Oily Wastewater Treatment, Water Treat., 62, 57-65, 2017.
  26. Chen , Shi X., Chen X., and Chen W., Preparation and Characterization of Amphiphilic Copolymer PVDF-g-PMABS and Its Application in Improving Hydrophilicity and Protein Fouling Resistance of PVDF Membrane, Appl. Surface Sci., 427, 787-797, 2018.
  27. Midya L. and Shankar Patra A., Novel Nanocomposite Derived from ZnO/CdS QDs Embedded Crosslinked Chitosan: An Efficient Photocatalyst and Effective Antibacterial Agent, Hazard Mater., 369, 398-407, 2019.
  28. Fernandes D.M., Silva R., and Winkler Hechenleitner A.A., Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO, CuO and a Mixed Zn and Cu Oxide, Chem. Phys., 115, 110-115, 2009.
  29. Abdulwahab S.Z., Lahewil Y., and Hashima U., Structural, Analysis and Optical Studies of Cadmium Sulfide Nanostructured, Procedia , 53, 217-224, 2013.
  30. Esmail Shalan A., Mourtada A., Rasly M., Moharam M.M., Lira-Cantu , and Rashad M.M., Concordantly Fabricated Heterojunction ZnO-TiO2 Nanocomposites Electrodes via Co-precipitation Method for Stable Quasi-Solid-State Dye- Sensitized Solar Cells, RSC Adv., 5, 103095-103104, 2015.
  31. Geetha M.S, Nagabhushana H., and Shivananjaiah H.N., Green Mediated Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Euphorbia Jatropa Latex as Reducing Agent, Mater. Devices, 1, 301-310, 2016.
  32. Nandiyanto A.B.D., Oktiani , and Ragadhita R., How to Read and Interpret FTIR Spectroscope of Organic Material, Indones. J. Sci. Technol., 4, 97-118, 2019.
  33. Najma B. and Kasi A.K., ZnO/AAO Photocatalytic Membranes for Efficient Water Disinfection: Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Assay, Surf. Sci.,418, 104-114, 2018.
  34. Radhakrishnan and Beena B., Structural and Optical Absorption Analysis of CuO Nanoparticles, Indian J. Adv. Chem. Sci., 2, 158-161, 2014.
  35. Mural P.K.S., Kumar B., Madras G., and Bose S., Chitosan Immobilized Porous Polyolefin as Sustainable and Efficient Antibacterial Membranes, ACS Sustain Eng., 4, 862-870, 2015.
  36. Rezaei M., Ismail A.F., Bakeri Gh., Hashemifard S.A., and Matsuura T., Effect of General Montmorillonite and Cloisite 15A on Structural Parameters and Performance of Mixed Matrix Membranes Contactor for CO2 Absorption, Eng. J., 260, 875-885, 2015.
  37. Bakeri Gh., Matsuura T., and Ismail A.F., The Effect of Phase Inversion Promoters on the Structure and Performance of Polyetherimide Hollow Fiber Membrane Using in Gas–Liquid Contacting Process, Membr. Sci., 383, 159-169, 2011.
  38. Bakeri Gh., Ismail A.F., Matsuura T., Abdullah M.S., Ng B.C., and Mashkour , Effect of PVDF Blending on the Structure and Performance of PEI Hollow Fiber Membrane in CO2 Separation Process, Chem. Eng. Res. Design., 104, 367-375, 2015.
  39. Mousavi , Bakeri Jafarkolaei G., and Mirimani S.M., Modification and Performance Enhancement of PVC Ultrafiltration Membrane by Grafting of Sulfonated Polystyrene, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 33, 243-254, 2020
  40. van den Berg and Ulbrich M., Polymer Nanocomposite Ultrafiltration Membranes: The Influence of Polymeric Additive, Dispersion Quality and Particle Modification on the Integration of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles into Polyvinylidene Difluoride Membranes, Membranes, 10, 197, 2020.
  41. Roshani , Ardeshiri F., Peyravi M., and Jahanshahi M., Highly Permeable PVDF Membrane with PS/ZnO Nanocomposite Incorporated for Distillation Process, RSC Adv., 8, 23499-23515, 2018.
  42. Masoumbeigi H., Rezaee A., Khataee A. and Hashemian J., Photocatalytic Removal of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus Faecalis from Water Using Immobilized ZnO Nanoparticles, Qom Univ Sci .J., 6, 24-35, 2012.
Iranian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Volume 35, Issue 1 - Serial Number 177
May and June 2022
Pages 25-38

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics