Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Department of Polymer and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Postal Code: 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Postal Code: 1458889694, Tehran, Iran
3
Department of Surface Coatings and Corrosion, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Postal Code: 1668836471, Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, P.O. Box: 16635- 148, Tehran, Iran
5
Department of Microbiology, Alzahra University, Postal Code: 1993893973, Tehran, Iran
6
Faculty of Chemistry, Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Postal Code: 1541849611, Tehran, Iran
7
Department of Animal Sciences and Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Postal Code: 198396411, Tehran, Iran
8
Department of Technology and Entrepreneurship Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Postal Code: 1489684511 , Tehran, Iran
9
Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Postal Code: 1591634311, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The growing world's population and the increase of underlying diseases such as diabetes have caused an increasing trend of skin damage and imposed high costs on the healthcare system. The complex and multi-step nature of wound healing highlights the importance of introducing efficient products for effective treatment of skin injuries. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce new wound healing products to treat these types of injuries effectively. The modern wound dressings have received much attention in recent years. These dressings facilitate skin regeneration by providing suitable physical and biological conditions. Wound dressings are produced in sponge, fibrous, hydrogel, film, and powder forms to treat different wounds. Various natural and synthetic biomaterials have been used to make these products, among which hyaluronic acid (HA) is particularly important due to its unique biological properties. As one of the main constituents of the skin's extracellular matrix, this substance is directly effective in the four stages of wound healing. These biological characteristics and high hydrophilicity have attracted special attention to this material as a promising option for repairing skin damage. In this article, the wound healing process is explained after describing the skin structure and types of wounds. Then, traditional and commercial dressings and their types are introduced. In the following, by introducing the most common biological materials used to make wound dressings, the structure of HA, the mechanism of degradation, and the role of this material in different stages of wound healing are described in detail. Also different types of HA-based wound dressings in the literature are discussed. Finally some types of commercial wound dressings based on this polymer are introduced and an overview of the global market for wound dressings is provided to outline the perspective of the consumption of these products.
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