سینتیک تخریب گرمایی ضایعات پلی‌استیرن و پلی‌استیرن انبساط‌یافته

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، صندوق پستی 143-14115

2 تهران، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران، پژوهشکده پتروشیمی، صندوق پستی 112-14975

چکیده

فرضیه: تولید فزاینده زباله‌های پلیمری تخریب‌ناپذیر مانند پلی‌استیرن (PS) و پلی‌استیرن انبساط‌یافته (EPS) به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین مشکلات زیست‌محیطی شناخته می‌شود. فناوری تخریب گرمایی یکی از روش‌های مناسب و راهبردی برای تبدیل زباله‌های پلیمری تخریب‌ناپذیر به مواد شیمیایی یا سوخت است. بنابراین، بررسی سینتیک تخریب ضایعات پلی‌استیرن به‌ویژه نمونه‌های موجود در ایران برای کاربرد در صنایع داخل کشور موضوعی ضروری است. به‌دست‌آوردن سینتیک تخریب گرمایی پلی‌استیرن می‌تواند در طراحی واکنشگاه‌های صنعتی به‌کار گرفته شود و در صورت وجود توجیه اقتصادی وارد فاز سرمایه‌گذاری صنعتی و تولید مونومرهای استیرن از ضایعات پلی‌استیرن شود.  
روش‌ها: آزمون گرما­وزن‌سنجی تخریب گرمایی دو نمونه پلی‌استیرن (PS) و پلی‌استیرن انبساط‌ یافته (EPS) از ظروف یک بار مصرف موجود در بازار ایران، در جو نیتروژن در محدوده دمایی 25 تا 600 درجه سلسیوس با سرعت‌های گرمادهی 5، 10، 15و 20C/min بررسی و مقدار کاهش جرم آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شد. انرژی فعال‌سازی داده‌های تجربی با استفاده از مدل‌های مختلف سینتیکی Redfern ،Ozawa-Flynn-Wal، Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose،Augis-Bennetis و Vyazovkin تخمین زده شد.  
یافته‌ها: مدل Vyazovkin بهتر از سایر مدل‌ها داده‌های تجربی را پیش‌بینی کرد و این مدل به‌منظور تعیین انرژی فعال‌سازی انتخاب شد. انرژی فعال‌سازی برای نمونه‌های PS و EPS با استفاده از مدل Vyazovkin، به‌ترتیب در محدوده 158kJ/mol تا 201kJ/mol و 182kJ/mol تا 195kJ/molبه‌دست آمد. همچنین، ضریب پیش‌نمایی برای نمونه PS و EPS با استفاده از مدل Vyazovkin به‌ترتیب 1012×3.08 و 1015×1.05 محاسبه شد. نتایج بررسی سینتیک تخریب گرمایی نمونه‌های PS و EPS داخل کشور می‌تواند با کمک به مدل‌سازی فرایند بازیافت این ضایعات در ایران، به رفع مشکلات زیست‌محیطی مرتبط با آن کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Expanded Polystyrene and Polystyrene Wastes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadis mousavi 1
  • Ali Afshar Ebrahimi 2
  • Alireza Madi 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Petrochemicals, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P. O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: The increasing production of non-degradable polymer wastes such as polystyrene (PS) and expandable polystyrene (EPS) is known as one of the most important environmental issues. Pyrolysis is one of the strategic and suitable methods for recycling of non-degradable polymeric wastes to fuels and useful chemicals. Therefore, investigation of pyrolysis kinetic of polystyrene waste, especially for available materials in Iran, is an essential issue for their use in industries. Obtaining the polystyrene pyrolysis kinetic can be used in designing industrial reactors and where it has economic credibility, styrene monomers can be produced in an industrial scale from polystyrene wastes.
Methods: Polystyrene (PS) and expandable polystyrene (EPS) samples that are available in Iran were collected, and their TGA analysis was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 25 to 600oC, at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20 C/min, and sample mass changes were measured. The activation energy of pyrolysis was estimated by the Coats Redfern (CR), Ozawa Flynn Wall (OFW), Kissinger Akahira Sunose (KAS), Augis Bennetis (AB) and Vyazovkin methods.
Findings: The Vyazovkin model can predict the experimental data better than the other models, and therefore this model was used to estimate the activation energy. The activation energies of PS and EPS were calculated in the range of 158-201 kJ/mole and 182-195 kJ/mole, respectively. Furthermore, the pre-exponential factors of PS and EPS were estimated by Vyazovkin approach as 3.08×1012 and 1.05×1015, respectively. The results of kinetic analysis of polystyrene (PS) and expandable polystyrene (EPS) pyrolysis of samples in Iran can help simulate waste recycling processes and consequently reduce the environmental problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • pyrolysis
  • Kinetics
  • Polystyrene
  • Expanded polystyrene
  • activation energy

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