کوپلیمرهای اولفینی حلقوی : جایگزینی مشخصه‌های نوری شیشه با پلاستیک در تجهیزات پزشکی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 تهران ، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی، پژوهشکده علوم ، گروه پلیمرهای زیست‌سازگار صندوق پستی 112-14975

2 تهران ، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی، پژوهشکده مهندسی، گروه کاتالیست، صندوق پستی 112-14975

چکیده

کوپلیمرهای اولفینی حلقوی دسته مهمی از پلی‌اولفین‌ها با خواص منحصربه‌فرد هستند که خواص مکانیکی آن‌ها بسته به محتوای مونومر نوربورنن درکوپلیمرهای نهایی تولیدشده متغیر است و بدین‌ ترتیب طیفی از مواد نرم تا سخت تولید می‌شود. در کوپلیمرهای تجاری معمول، محتوای نوربورنن بیشتر از 20 درصد مولی است که به‌طور تصادفی در ریزساختار کوپلیمر توزیع شده و به پلیمرهای نهایی ساختار بی‌شکل و شفاف نوری می‌دهد. افزایش محتوای نوربورنن مترادف با افزایش دمای گذار شیشه‌ای در کوپلیمر نهایی نیز است. خواص نوری جالب توجه این دسته مواد تابع ساختار بی‌شکل آن‌هاست و محدود به دامنه طول موج نور مرئی نیست. این کوپلیمرها در ناحیه طول موج فرابنفش نیز بسیار شفاف و برای تولید محصولاتی با الزامات نوری مناسب هستند. این کوپلیمرها مقاومت شیمیایی بسیار زیادی در برابر حلال‌های قطبی دارند که با سایر پلیمرهایی رقابت‌پذیر هستند که در ساخت قطعات آزمایشگاهی کاربرد دارند. از سوی دیگر، این مواد با سامانه‌های زیستی وارد واکنش نمی‌شوند، بنابراین برای کاربردهای مرتبط با بسته‌بندی‌‌های دارویی مانند سرنگ‌های از پیش پرشده مناسب هستند. از آنجا که آب اصلی‌ترین حلال پایه در تولید فرآورده‌های تزریقی است، جذب کم آب به‌وسیله این کوپلیمرها سبب می‌شود تا از پایداری ابعادی محصول در شرایط محیطی اطمینان حاصل شود، در حدی که جذب آب این مواد (حتی در محیط‌هایی با رطوبت بسیار زیاد) چهار برابر کمتر از پلی‌کربنات و ده برابر کمتر از پلیمرهایی مانند پلی‌(متیل‌متاکریلات) است. در این مقاله پس از معرفی اجمالی محصولات کوپلیمرهای اولفینی حلقوی روش‌های سنتز این پلیمرها با کاتالیزورهای مختلف مطالعه شده، سپس ویژگی‌های این ترکیبات از لحاظ نوری، مکانیکی و گرمایی بیان می‌شود.  در نهایت، روش‌های فراوری کوپلیمرهای اولفینی حلقوی و کاربردهای این ترکیبات بررسی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Cyclic Olefin Copolymers: Superseding Glass Optical Characteristics with Plastics in Medical Devices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Babaei 1
  • Mohammad Imani 1
  • saeid Ahmadjo 2
1 Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box: 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
2 Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box: 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

 cyclic olefinic copolymers (COC) include an important class of polyolefins with special properties as soft or hard materials, depending on the content of norbornene monomer in the final copolymer composition. In common commercial copolymers, the amount of norbornene is more than 20% (by mol) which is randomly distributed in the microstructure of the copolymer and gives the final polymers an amorphous and optically transparent structure. An increase in norbornene content in the copolymer structure leads to a corresponding increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the final copolymer. The remarkable optical properties of this type of COC strongly depend on their amorphous structure, which is not limited to the visible light wavelength range, so COCs can be used as transparent polymers in ultraviolet and vislible wavelengths to achieve suitable optically clear products. Due to their higher resistance to chemicals especially polar solvents COCs are used for producing laboratory equipment in a competitive manner with other polymers. On the other hand, COCs are inert biological materials, making them suitable candidates for packaging applications for medicines, including pre-filled syringes. Water is the main solvent used to produce the injectable products, so low water absorption by these copolymers ensures dimensional stability of the final product under ambient conditions. In a highly humid environment, water absorption capacity for COCs is limited to 4 and 10 times less than that of polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate polymers, respectively. In this study, after a brief introduction to COCs the polymerization methods by different catalysts are discussed, and the optical mechanical and thermal characteristics of these copolymers are discussed. Finally, the details of COC processing and its applications are mentioned

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC)
  • Norbornene
  • Optical polymers
  • Ethylene–Norbornene Copolymers (ENC)
  • Prefilled syringe

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 37، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 189
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 3-26

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