نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
اراک، دانشگاه اراک، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 8349-8-38156
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Hypothesis: In this study, a heterogeneous multilayer cation-exchange membrane was fabricated by applying a rubbery nanocomposite layer containing graphite nanoparticles onto a commercial polyethylene membrane and evaluated for use in the electrodialysis process.
Methods: The commercial membranes were surface-modified using a dip-coating method. The membranes were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, and FTIR analyses. Additionally, water contact angle, water content, ionic flux, electrical resistance, and hardness removal efficiency were assessed.
Findings: The incorporation of graphite nanoparticles into the rubbery layer led to the formation of ionic transport channels and improved surface homogeneity. The reduction in crystalline domain size from 8.4 to 3.0 nm indicated diminished crystallinity and an increase in amorphous regions, which are crucial for ion transport. Initially, the water contact angle decreased after surface modification, but increased at higher nanoparticle concentrations due to the inherent hydrophobicity of graphite. The water content of the membranes decreased by up to 57% with the addition of 0.1 wt% graphite nanoparticles, then increased to 63% at 1 wt%, and decreased again at 10 wt%. The permeability and ionic flux of the modified membrane containing 0.1 wt% graphite nearly doubled compared to the unmodified one. The electrical resistance decreased from 38 to 8 Ω·cm² with increasing nanoparticle content, indicating the conductive role of graphite. In terms of hardness removal, the membrane with 0.1 wt% nanoparticles showed a 46% increase in magnesium flux and 18% increase in calcium flux compared to the base membrane. Overall, the simultaneous use of a rubbery layer and graphite nanoparticles enhanced membrane properties and performance in electrodialysis. These findings support the development of conductive and cost-effective membranes for industrial water treatment.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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