اصلاح خواص ساختاری غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی برای بهبود جداسازی رنگینه از پساب‌های نساجی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 اصفهان، دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 8174673441

2 اصفهان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، دانشکده شیمی، کد پستی 8415683111

چکیده

فرضیه: خواص سطحی و ساختاری غشا از مؤثرترین عوامل بر عملکرد فیلترکردن آن است. نانوساختارها به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین اصلاح­‌ک‌ننده‌های غشاهای پلیمری در سال‌های اخیر مطرح بوده‌اند. در این پژوهش، به منظور بهبود چیدمان نانوذرات زیرکونیا در بستر غشاهای فرافیلترکردن پلی‌سولفون، گروه عاملی سولفات و کربوکسیلیک بر سطح این نانوذرات پوشش داده شدند. سپس ساختار و رفتار غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی با غشای خام مقایسه شد
روش‌ها: نانوذرات ZrO2، وZr-COOH و Zr-SO4 به بستر غشای پلی‌سولفون (PSf) افزوده شده و عملکرد فیلترکردن غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی در تصفیه پساب نساجی بررسی شد. بدین منظور آزمون‌های PZC ،EDX ،SEM ،AFM زاویه تماس، تخلخل‌سنجی، اندازه گیری گرانروی‌سنجی، بازیابی شار و جداسازی رنگینه انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون pH نقطه بار صفر (PZC) نشان داد، بار سطحی غشا با وجود نانوذرات ZrO2 و Zr-COOH، مثبت و با وجود نانوذرات Zr-SO4، خنثی است. تصاویر SEM نشان داد، وجود نانوذرات Zr-COOH به تخلخل بیشتر و اندازه کوچک‌تر نانوذرات و نانوذرات Zr-SO4 به تخلخل کمتر و اندازه بزرگ‌تر نانوذرات منجر می‌شود. نتایج آزمون‌های AFM و EDX نشان داد، وجود گروه عاملی موجب چیدمان نانوذرات در لایه سطحی غشا می‌شود و اثربخشی آن‌ها را در بهبود خواص سطحی غشا تقویت می‌کند. طراحی آزمون‌ها در این پژوهش به روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) انجام شد و تحلیل واریانس برای آزمون تخلخل و زاویه تماس نشان داد، مهم‌ترین عامل مؤثر در تخلخل و زاویه تماس مقدار غلظت نانوذره است، به‌طوری که در غلظت %13 پلیمر با افزایش از %0 تا %2 نانوذرات ZrO2، وZr-COOH و Zr-SO4 به ترتیب مقدار تخلخل 5، 19/12 و %24 و مقدار زاویه تماس 18، 22 و %19، کاهش می‌یابد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس جداسازی رنگینه نشان داد، عامل غلظت پلیمر مؤثرتر از عامل غلظت نانوذرات در جداسازی رنگینه است. همچنین، افزایش بازیابی شار از 0 تا %2 نانوذرات در غلظت %13 پلیمر برای نانوذرات ZrO2، وZr-COOH و Zr-SO4 به ترتیب 15، 25 و %45 بود.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modification of Structural Properties of Nanocomposite Membranes for Improving Dye Separation from Textile Effluents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kamalodin Monsef 1
  • Maryam Homayoonfal 1
  • Fatemeh Davar 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Postal Code: 8174673441 , Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Postal Code: 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Surface and structural modification of membranes in order to improve their filtration properties have been one of the vast research areas in the field of membranes in recent years. Nanomaterials are most widely used for modifying the surface and structure of the membranes. In this study, carboxylic acid and sulfate carboxylic groups were deposited on the surface of zirconia nanoparticles in order to improve their arrangement within the membrane matrix. Then, the structure and behavior of the nanocomposite membrane was compared with those of raw membrane.
Methods: ZrO2, Zr-COOH and Zr-SO4 nanoparticles were added to the polysulfone (PSf) membrane substrate, and the effect of the surface, structural and filtration properties of raw and nanocomposite membranes were compared in relation to their textile wastewater treatment performance. For this purpose, PZC, EDX, SEM, AFM, CA and porosity analysis as well as viscosity, flux recovery and dye rejection measurement were performed.
Findings: The results of analyses showed that the presence of Zr-COOH nanoparticles led to greater finger pores, smaller size of the nanoparticles, and the presence of Zr-SO4 nanoparticles led to fewer finger pores, less porosity and larger nanoparticle size. The presence of the functional groups increased the number of nanoparticles in the skin layer of the membrane and improved the membrane surface properties. Analysis of variance obtained using RSM method for porosity and contact angle data showed that the most effective factor on porosity and contact angle is nanoparticles concentration. By increasing the concentration of ZrO2, Zr-COOH and Zr-SO4 nanoparticles from 0 to 2 wt%, the flux recovery was increased by 15, 25 and 45%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • carboxylic functional group
  • sulfate functional group
  • ZrO2 nanoparticles
  • nanocomposite membrane
  • responce surface method (RSM)

مراجع

  1. Mahvi A., Javid A., and Mesdaghiniya A., Qualitative and Quantitative Study of Textile Waste, Wood and Paper in Tehran, Environ. Sci. Technol., 20, 47-55, 2004.
  2. Bagheri Marandi G. and Baharloui M., Synthesis of Hydrogel Nanocomposites of Acrylamide-Itaconic Acid Using Laponite and Study of Crystal Violet Dye Adsorption, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 24, 505-514, 2013.
  3. Seyrani R. and Bagheri Marandi G., Carrageenan-Based Hydrogel Nanocomposites Prepared in Presence of Carbon Nanotubes and Their Adsorption of Brilliant Green, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 28, 528-517, 2016.
  4. Taebi A., Esmaeilian M., and Amirshahi S.H., Application of Chitosan as an Adsorbent for Colour Removal of Textile Industrial Wastewaters, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 12, 237-245, 1999.
  5. Davari N., Farhadian M., Solaimany Nazar A.R., and Homayoonfal M., Degradation of Diphenhydramine by the Photocatalysts of ZnO/Fe2O3 and TiO2/Fe2O3 Based on Clinoptilolite: Structural and Operational Comparison, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 5, 5707-5720, 2017.
  6. Soares P.A., Souza R., Soler J., Silva T.F., Souza S. M.G.U., Boaventura R. A., and Vilar V.J., Remediation of a Synthetic Textile Wastewater from Polyester-Cotton Dyeing Combining Biological and Photochemical Oxidation Processes, Sep. Purif. Technol., 172, 450-462, 2017.
  7. Malik S.N., Ghosh P.C., Vaidya A.N., Waindeskar V., Das S., and Mudliar S.N., Comparison of Coagulation, Ozone and Ferrate Treatment Processes for Color, Cod and Toxicity Removal from Complex Textile Wastewater, Water Sci. Technol., 76, 1001-1010, 2017.
  8. Semnani Rahbar M., Alipoor E., and Eskandari Sedighi R., Effect of Polyaluminium Chloride and Polyacrylamide on  Separation of Solid Contents from Paint Contained Waste Water by a Novel Coagulant-Flocculator Composition, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 19, 111-119, 2006.
  9. Chen L., Li Y., Chen L., Li N., Dong C., Chen Q., Liu B., Ai Q., Si P., and Feng J., A Large-Area Free-Standing Graphene Oxide Multilayer Membrane with High Stability for Nanofiltration Applications, Chem. Eng. J., 345, 536-544, 2018.
  10. Galiano F., Friha I., Deowan S.A., Hoinki J., Xiaoyun Y., Johnson D., Mancuso R., Hilal N., Gabriele B., and Sayadi S., Novel Low-Fouling Membranes from Lab to Pilot Application in Textile Wastewater Treatment, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 515, 208-220, 2018.
  11. Homayoonfal M., Mehrnia M. R., Shariaty-Niassar M., Akbari A., Ismail A. F., and Matsuura T., A Comparison between Blending and Surface Deposition Methods for the Preparation of Iron Oxide/Polysulfone Nanocomposite Membranes, Desalination, 354, 125-142, 2014.
  12. Akbari A., Homayoonfal M., and Jabbari V., Effect of Solution Chemistry and Operating Conditions on the Nanofiltration of Acid Dyes by a Nanocomposite Membrane, Water Sci. Technol., 64, 2404-2409, 2011.
  13. Jafarzadeh Y., Mirzababaei M., Shahbazi M.J., Ghofrani B., Esmaeili E., Rezaei N., and Moradi M., Preparation, Characterization and Analysis of Fouling Mechanisms of TiO2 Nanoparticles-Embedded PVDF Membranes, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 27, 371-359, 2014.
  14. Akbari A., Yegani R., Pourabbas B., and Hamedi Sangari H., Study on the Fouling Behavior of Polyethylene and Silica Nanoparticles Mixed Matrix Membranes in Filtration of Humic Acid Solution, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 29, 347-363, 2016.
  15. Jafarzadeh Y., Yegani R., and Sedaghat M., Effects of TiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles on the Structure and Fouling Behavior of Polyethylene Membranes, Iran. J. Polym. Sci. Technol. (Persian), 28, 493-477, 2016.
  16. Monsef K., Homayoonfal M., and Davar F., Coating Carboxylic and Sulfate Functional Groups on ZrO2 Nanoparticles: Antifouling Enhancement of Nanocomposite Membranes During Water Treatment, React. Funct. Polym., 131, 299-314, 2018.
  17. Akbari A. and Homayoonfal M., Sulfonation and Mixing with TiO2 Nanoparticles as Two Simultaneous Solutions for Reducing Fouling of Polysulfone Loose Nanofiltration Membrane, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33, 2439-2452, 2016.
  18. Zinadini S., Rostami S., Vatanpour V., and Jalilian E., Preparation of Antibiofouling Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix NF Membrane Using Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO/MWCNTs Nanocomposite, J. Membr. Sci., 529, 133-141, 2017.
  19. Noormohamadi A., Homayoonfal M., Mehrnia M. R., and Davar F., Synergistic Effect of Concurrent Presence of Zirconium Oxide and Iron Oxide in the Form of Core-Shell Nanoparticles on the Performance of Fe3O4@ZrO2/Pan Nanocomposite Membrane, Ceram. Int., 43, 17174-17185, 2017.
  20. Mojtahedi Y.M., Mehrnia M.R., and Homayoonfal M., Fabrication of Al2O3/PSf Nanocomposite Membranes: Efficiency Comparison of Coating and Blending Methods in Modification of Filtration Performance, Desalin. Water Treat., 51, 6736-6742, 2013.
  21. Zinadini S., Zinatizadeh A.A., Rahimi M., Vatanpour V., and Zangeneh H., Preparation of a Novel Antifouling Mixed Matrix PES Membrane by Embedding Graphene Oxide Nanoplates, J. Membr. Sci., 453, 292-301, 2014.
  22. Yang M., Zhao C., Zhang S., Li P., and Hou D., Preparation of Graphene Oxide Modified Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) Nanofiltration Membrane with Improved Water Flux and Antifouling Property, Appl. Surf. Sci., 394, 149-159, 2017.
  23. Homayoonfal M., Mehrnia M.R., Mojtahedi Y.M., and Ismail A.F., Effect of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Impregnation Route on Structure and Liquid Filtration Performance of Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes: A Comprehensive Review, Desalin. Water Treat., 51, 3295-3316, 2013.
  24. Saleh T.A. and Gupta V.K., Synthesis of Nanomaterial–Incorporated Membranes by Physical Methods, Nanomateeral and Polymer Memberanes, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications, 1 st ed.,  Elsevier, Amsterdam, 161-186, 2016.
  25. Rahimpour A., Madaeni S., Taheri A., and Mansourpanah Y., Coupling TiO2 Nanoparticles with Uv Irradiation for Modification of Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes, J. Membr. Sci, 313, 158-169, 2008.
  26. Bae T.H. and Tak T.M., Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Fouling Mitigation of Ultrafiltration Membranes for Activated Sludge Filtration, J. Membr. Sci., 249, 1-8, 2005.
  27. Jhaveri J.H. and Murthy Z., A Comprehensive Review on Anti-Fouling Nanocomposite Membranes for Pressure Driven Membrane Separation Processes, Desalination, 379, 137-154, 2016.
  28. Gohari R. J., Halakoo E., Nazri N., Lau W., Matsuura T., and Ismail A., Improving Performance and Antifouling Capability of Pes Uf Membranes Via Blending with Highly Hydrophilic Hydrous Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles, Desalination, 335, 87-95, 2014.
  29. Aflaki M. and Davar F., Synthesis, Luminescence and Photocatalyst Properties of Zirconia Nanosheets by Modified Pechini Method, J. Mol. Liq., 221, 1071-1079, 2016.
  30. Majedi A., Davar F., and Abbasi A., Sucrose-Mediated Sol–Gel Synthesis of Nanosized Pure and S-Doped Zirconia and Its Catalytic Activity for the Synthesis of Acetyl Salicylic Acid, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20, 4215-4223, 2014.
  31. Davar F., Hassankhani A., and Loghman-Estarki M.R., Controllable Synthesis of Metastable Tetragonal Zirconia Nanocrystals Using Citric Acid Assisted Sol–Gel Method, Ceram. Int., 39, 2933-2941, 2013.
  32. Gatabi M.P., Moghaddam H.M., and Ghorbani M., Point of Zero Charge of Maghemite Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Fabricated by Chemical Precipitation Method, J. Mol. Liq., 216, 117-125, 2016.
  33. Hebbar R., Isloor A., and Ismail A., Contact Angle Measurements, in Membrane Characterization., 1 st ed, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 219-255, 2017.
  34. Yuliwati E., Ismail A., Matsuura T., Kassim M., and Abdullah M., Characterization of Surface-Modified Porous PVDF Hollow Fibers for Refinery Wastewater Treatment Using Microscopic Observation, Desalination, 283, 206-213, 2011.
  35. Tan L., Pan D., and Pan N., Thermodynamic Study of a Water–Dimethylformamide–Polyacrylonitrile Ternary System, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 110, 3439-3447, 2008.
  36. Vatanpour V., Madaeni S.S., Moradian R., Zinadini S., and Astinchap B., Fabrication and Characterization of Novel Antifouling Nanofiltration Membrane Prepared from Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polyethersulfone Nanocomposite, J. Membr. Sci, 375, 284-294, 2011.
  37. Mallakpour S., Dinari M., and Neamani S., Surface Treatment of ZrO2 Nanoparticles with Biosafe Citric Acid and Its Utilization for the Synthesis of L-Leucine Based Poly(amide-imide) Nanocomposites, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 54, 1634-1643, 2015.
  38. Greenlee L.F. and Rentz N.S., Influence of Nanoparticle Processing and Additives on PES Casting Solution Viscosity and Cast Membrane Characteristics, Polymer, 103, 498-508, 2016.
  39. Mollahosseini A., Rahimpour A., Jahamshahi M., Peyravi M., and Khavarpour M., The Effect of Silver Nanoparticle Size on Performance and Antibacteriality of Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane, Desalination, 306, 41-50, 2012.
  40. Safarpour M., Vatanpour V., Khataee A., and Esmaeili M., Development of a Novel High Flux and Fouling-Resistant Thin Film Composite Nanofiltration Membrane by Embedding Reduced Graphene Oxide/TiO2, Sep. Purif. Technol., 154, 96-107, 2015.
  41. Kajekar A.J., Dodamani B.M., Isloor A.M., Karim Z.A., Cheer N.B., Ismail A.F., and Shilton S.J., Preparation and Characterization of Novel PSF/PVP/PANI-Nanofiber Nanocomposite Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes and Their Possible Applications for Hazardous Dye Rejection, Desalination, 365, 117-125, 2015.

 

 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار