اثر قطر الیاف بر تراوایی بخار آب و خواص ضدآب و ضدباد غشای الکتروریسی‌شده پلی(‌وینیلیدن ‌فلوئورید)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، دانشکده مهندسی نساجی، صندوق پستی ۴۴۱۳-۱۵۸۷۵

2 تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، صندوق پستی ۴۴۱۳-۱۵۸۷۵

چکیده

فرضیه: غشاهای ضدآب تنفسی در بسیاری از زمینه‌ها از جمله منسوجات محافظ و بیمارستانی و پوشاک ورزشی کاربرد دارند. تنفس‌پذیری، عامل مهمی در راحتی پوشاک است.
روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، اثر قطر الیاف بر تنفس‌پذیری و خواص ضدآب و ضدباد غشای پلی‌‌(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) بررسی شد. از این رو، غشاهای شامل الیاف با قطرهای 123، 203، 551 و nm 1018 به‌کمک فرایند الکتروریسی تولید شدند. تلاش شد تا از دی‌متیل سولفوکسید به عنوان حلال سبز در این فرایند استفاده شود. درصد تخلخل، اندازه منفذها، زاویه تماس قطره آب، نفوذپذیری هوا و فشار هیدروستاتیک نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری و ارزیابی شد. تراوایی بخار آب نمونه‌ها با روش گرماوزن‌سنجی بررسی شد.
یافته‌ها: فشار هیدروستاتیک نمونه‌ها با کاهش قطر الیاف (از nm 1018 به nm 133) و در نتیجه آن کاهش اندازه منافذ غشا، به‌ترتیب از kPa 10 به kPa 100 افزایش یافت. نفوذپذیری هوای نمونه‌ها نیز با کاهش قطرالیاف، از mL/s.cm2 9 تا mL/s.cm2 4/1 در افت فشار kPa 500، کم شد. نتایج بیانگر این است که غشاهای تولیدشده با الیاف ظریف‌تر خواص ضدآب و ضدباد بهتری را نشان می‌دهند. درحالی‌ که کاهش قطر الیاف و در نتیجه آن کاهش اندازه منفذهای موجود در غشا به کاهش تنفس‌پذیری لایه منجر نشده و مقدار تراوایی بخار آب حدود kg/m2.day 7/12 باقی مانده ‌است. بنابراین به‌نظر می‌رسد، سازوکار غالب نفوذ بخار آب در این محدوده از اندازه منفذ
(nm 761 تا nm 3860)، نفوذ مولکولی و مستقل از اندازه قطر الیاف در غشاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Influence of Fibers Diameter on Water Vapor Permeability, Waterproof and Windproof Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membrane

نویسندگان [English]

  • Golchehr Amini 1
  • Mohammad Karimi 1
  • Farzin Zokaee Ashtiani 2
1 Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology,, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Waterproof breathable membranes are used in different fields such as protective clothing, hospital textiles and sport wears. Breathability is an important factor in clothing comfort.
Methods: The influence of fiber diameter on breathability, waterproof and windproof properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane was investigated in this study. Hence, membranes composed of fiber with diameters of 133, 203, 551 and 1018 nm were produced through electrospinning process. It was attempted to use dimethyl sulfoxide as a green solvent in this process. Porosity, pore size, water contact angle, air permeability and hydrostatic pressure of the membranes were assessed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to measure the water vapor permeability of the membranes.
Findings: The hydrostatic pressure of the membranes increased from 10 kPa to
100 kPa by reducing the fibers' diameter (from 1018 nm to 133 nm) and subsequently the pores size of the membranes. The air permeability of the samples decreased from 9 mL/s.cm2 to 1.4 mL/s.cm2 (at pressure drop of 500 Pa) with decreasing fiber diameter. The results showed that the membranes composed of finer fibers have better waterproof and windproof properties. This is while the reduction in fiber diameter and subsequently reduction in the pore size have not led to reduction in the breathability, and the amount of water vapor permeability remained approximately 12.7 kg/m2.day. Hence, it seems that the ordinary diffusion (molecular diffusion) is the dominant mechanism of water vapor diffusion in pore size ranging from 761 nm to 3860 nm and it is independent of the fiber diameter in the membranes

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • protective clothing
  • waterproof
  • windproof
  • breathable
  • electrospun membrane

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 32، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 164
بهمن و اسفند 1398
صفحه 485-495

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