اصلاح سطح غشای الکتروریسی‌شده پلی(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) با پلیمرشدن پلاسمای کم‌فشار برای بهبود عملکرد بلندمدت غشا در فرایند شیرین‌سازی آب بر پایه روش تقطیر غشایی فاصله هوایی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اصفهان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، دانشکده مهندسی نساجی، کدپستی 83111-84156

چکیده

فرضیه: امروزه دسترسی‌نداشتن به آب شیرین به مشکل جدی برای مردم دنیا تبدیل شده است. یافتن روش مناسبی برای حل این مشکل، توجه پژوهشگران بسیاری را جلب کرده است. در سال‌های اخیر، الکتروریسی به‌عنوان روش متداول برای تهیه غشاهای نانولیفی به‌کار گرفته شده است. 
روش‌ها: غشای نانولیفی آب‌گریز و روغن‌گریز ساخته‌شده از پلی‌(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) (PVDF) با روش الکتروریسی تهیه شد. سطح غشای نانولیفی با پلیمرشدن پلاسمای کم‌فشار اصلاح شد ابتدا، سطح غشا با استفاده از پلاسمای گاز آرگون به‌منظور ایجاد رادیکال‌های آزاد روی زنجیرهای پلیمری فعال شد. سپس، مونومر پرفلوئورودسیل آکریلات روی سطح نانوالیاف در محیط پلاسمای کم‌فشار پلیمر شد. عملکرد بلندمدت غشای نانولیفی آب‌گریز-روغن‌گریز تهیه‌شده، در ماژول تقطیر غشایی دارای فاصله هوا (AGMD) ارزیابی شد. بدین منظور، از محلول آب نمک (%wt 3.5) دارای 0.2mM سدیم دودسیل سولفات به‌عنوان محلول خوراک استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: با اندازه‌گیری زاویه تماس قطره‌های ایزوپروپانول، روغن موتور، نفت سفید و آب به‌ترتیب 120، 126، 127 و °140، ویژگی آب‌گریزی-روغن‌گریزی غشا تأیید شد. در ماژول تقطیر غشایی دارای شکاف هوا، غشای اصلاح‌نشده پس از گذشت 25min  تر و غیرقابل استفاده شد. در حالی که در غشای اصلاح‌شده پس از گذشت 300min پس‌زنی نمک %98 حفظ شد. به بیان دقیق‌تر، در مقایسه با غشای اصلاح‌نشده، عملکرد بلندمدت غشای اصلاح‌شده و مقاومت آن در برابر ترشدن 12 برابر بهبود یافت. در این پژوهش، روشی کارآمد و نسبتاً ساده برای اصلاح سطح الیاف الکتروریسی‌شده PVDF با استفاده از پلیمرشدن مونومر پرفلوئورودسیل آکریلات تحت پلاسمای کم‌فشار ارائه شد. غشای اصلاح‌شده می‌تواند به‌منظور شیرین‌سازی آب با استفاده از روش تقطیر غشایی دارای فاصله هوا مورد توجه قرار گیرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Surface Modification of Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membrane by Low-Pressure Plasma Polymerization to Improve Long-Term Membrane Performance in Water Desalination Process Based on Air Gap Membrane Distillation Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Asadolahi
  • Hossein Fashandi
Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Today, the lack of access to fresh water has become a serious problem for people around the world. Finding an appropriate method to solve this problem has attracted the attention of many researchers. In recent years, the well-known electrospinning technique has been used as a conventional method to prepare nanofibrous membranes.
Methods: A hydrophobic and oleophobic (omniphobic) nanofibrous membrane made of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was prepared by electrospinning. The surface of the nanofibrous membrane was modified using low-pressure plasma polymerization. First, the membrane surface was activated using argon gas plasma to generate free radicals on the polymer chain. Then, perfluorodecyl acrylate monomer was polymerized on the surface of nanofibers in a low-pressure plasma medium. The long-term performance of the prepared omniphobic nanofibrous membrane was evaluated in an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) module. For this purpose, a saline solution (3.5% by wt) containing 0.2 mM of sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as the feed solution.
Findings: To prove the membrane omniphobic characteristic, the contact angle for isopropanol, engine oil, kerosene and water droplets was measured as 120°, 126°, 127°, 140°, respectively. In the AGMD module, the unmodified membrane became wet and unusable after 25 min, whereas the modified membrane maintained a flux of 4.2 L/ (m2.h) and salt rejection of 98% for a time period as long as 300 min. To be more precise, in comparison to the unmodified membrane, the long-term performance and wetting resistance of the modified membrane enhanced more than 12 times. In this research, an efficient and relatively simple technique was provided to modify the surface of electrospun PVDF fibers by low-pressure plasma polymerization of perfluorodecyl acrylate monomer. The modified membrane can be considered for water desalination using AGMD technique.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • nanofibrous membrane
  • electrospinning
  • omniphobic
  • perfluorodecyl acrylate
  • low-pressure plasma polymerization
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