مدل‌سازی و بهینه‌سازی حذف سفیکسیم از محلول‌های آبی با غشای کیتوسان-کربن نیترید گرافیتی-پلی‌(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) به روش سطح پاسخ

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر ، ایران

2 گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر ، ایران

چکیده

فرضیه‌: ترکیبات دارویی، مواد دارویی و متابولیت‌های آن‌ها از راه فاضلاب‌های خانگی، بیمارستانی و صنایع دارویی وارد محیط‌زیست می‌شوند. فناوری‌های متداول قابلیت تصفیه کامل چنین پساب‌هایی را ندارند. بنابراین چنین ترکیبات به‌وفور در آب یافت می‌شوند. تاکنون از روش‌های مختلف شیمیایی، فیزیکی و زیستی برای حذف ترکیبات دارویی از محلول‌های آبی استفاده‌ شده است. در این پژوهش، ابتدا غشای کیتوسان-کربن نیترید گرافیتی-پلی‌(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) (PVDF/g-C3N4) به‌عنوان غشای جدید و کارآمد تهیه ‌شده و کارایی آن در حذف سفیکسیم از محلول‌های آبی با روش سطح پاسخ بررسی شد.
روش‌ها: غشای کیتوسان-PVDF/g-C3N4 با غوطه‌وری غشای PVDF/g-C3N4 در محلول دارای غلظت‌های مختلفی از کیتوسان تهیه شد. برای بررسی کارایی غشای کیتوسان-PVDF/g-C3N4 در حذف سفیکسیم از محلول‌های آبی، از روش سطح پاسخ بر اساس طرح مرکب مرکزی استفاده شد. چهار متغیر درصد کیتوسان، مقدار g-C3N4، وpH محلول و غلظت سفیکسیم به‌عنوان متغیرهای وابسته انتخاب شدند. برای محاسبه چهار متغیر وابسته از الگوی درجه دوم استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، از بین متغیرهای بررسی‌شده، کیتوسان به‌دلیل تبدیل غشای پلی(وینیلیدن فلوئورید) به نوع آب‌دوست، اثر عمده‌ای بر خواص ساختاری غشای کیتوسان-PVDF/g-C3N4 تهیه‌شده دارد. طبق نتایج، حداکثر حذف سفیکسیم (حدود %81.34) در pH برابر 4.42، %3.19 از کیتوسان، 0.11g  از g-C3N4 و 42.51mg/L از سفیکسیم به‌دست آمد. نتایج بهینه‌‌سازی، اختلاف کمی بین مقدارهای پیش‌بینی‌شده (%81.34) و تجربی (%78.21) نشان داد. همچنین ضریب هم‌بستگی زیاد مدل درجه دوم (%99.41) نشان داد، روش سطح پاسخ قابلیت حذف سفیکسیم را با تعداد کمی از آزمایش‌ها، به‌خوبی پیش‌بینی و بهینه‌سازی کرده است. نتایج تجربی حاکی از کارآمدی غشای کیتوسان- PVDF/g-C3N4 در حذف سفیکسیم از محلول‌های آبی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling and Optimization of Cefixime Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Chitosan Membrane Using Response Surface Methodology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parya Hasanzade 1
  • Parvin Gharbani 2
  • Fahime Derakhshan fard 1
  • Behnaz Memar Maher 1
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 5451116714, Ahar, Iran
2 Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 5451116714, Ahar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Medicinal compounds, pharmaceutical substances and their metabolites enter the environment through hospital, domestic and pharmaceutical industries. Conventional technologies are not able to treat such wastewaters fully and therefore they are abundantly found in water. So far, various chemical, physical and biological methods have been used to remove medicinal compounds from aqueous solutions. In this research, PVDF/g-C3N4/Chitosan as a new and powerful membrane was prepared and removal of cefixime from aqueous solutions was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM).
Methods: PVDF/g-C3N4/Chitosan membrane was prepared by immersing the PVDF/g-C3N4 membrane in a solution containing different percentages of chitosan. To evaluate the efficiency of the PVDF/g-C3N4/chitosan membrane in removing cefixime, the response surface methodology was used based on the central composition design and four parameters, i.e., chitosan percentage, g-C3N4 value, pH of solution and cefixime concentration were selected as dependent variables. The quadratic model was used to calculate the four dependent variables.
Findings: The results showed that among the studied parameters, chitosan had a major effect on the structural properties of the PVDF/g-C3N4/chitosan membrane due to the conversion of polyvinylidene fluoride membrane to hydrophilic ones. According to the results, the maximum cefixime removal by the PVDF/g-C3N4/chitosan membrane was about 81.34% at a solution pH of 4.42, 3.19% chitosan, 0.11 g g-C3N4 and cefixime concentration of 42.51 mg/L. The numerical optimization results showed a slight difference between the predicted number (81.34%) and the experimentally obtained number (78.21%). Also, the high correlation coefficient (99.41%) showed that the response surface methodology has a high potential for predicting and optimizing the cefixime removal process by PVDF/g-C3N4/chitosan membrane with a small number of experiments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • response surface
  • cefixime removal
  • modified PVDF
  • PVDF/g-C3N4/chitosan membrane
  • optimization
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